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消费税若干具体问题的规定(附英文)

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消费税若干具体问题的规定(附英文)

国家税务总局


国家税务总局关于印发《消费税若干具体问题的规定》的通知

1993年12月28日,国家税务总局

各省、自治区、直辖市税务局,各计划单列市税务局,哈尔滨、长春、沈阳、西安、成都、南京、武汉、广州市税务局:
现将消费税若干具体问题的规定印发给你们,希贯彻执行。

附件:消费税若干具体问题的规定
一、关于卷烟分类计税标准问题
1、纳税人销售的卷烟因放开销售价格而经常发生价格上下浮动的,应以该牌号规格卷烟销售当月的加权平均销售价格确定征税类别和适用税率。但销售的卷烟有下列情况之一者,不得列入加权平均计算:
(1)销售价格明确偏低而无正当理由的;
(2)无销售价格的。
在实际执行中,月初可先按上月或者离销售当月最近月份的征税类别和适用税率预缴税款,月份终了再按实际销售价格确定征税类别和适用税率,并结算应纳税款。
2、卷烟由于接装过滤嘴、改变包装或其它原因提高销售价格后,应按照新的销售价格确定征税类别和适用税率。
3、纳税人自产自用的卷烟应当按照纳税人生产的同牌号规格的卷烟销售价格确定征税类别和适用税率。没有同牌号规格卷烟销售价格的,一律按照甲类卷烟税率征税。
4、委托加工的卷烟按照受托方同牌号规格卷烟的征税类别和适用税率征税。没有同牌号规格卷烟的,一律按照甲类卷烟的税率征税。
5、残次品卷烟应当按照同牌号规格正品卷烟的征税类别确定适用税率。
6、下列卷烟不分征税类别一律按照甲类卷烟税率征税:
(1)进口卷烟;
(2)白包卷烟;
(3)手工卷烟;
(4)未经国务院批准纳入计划的企业和个人生产的卷烟。国家计划内卷烟生产企业名单附后。
7、卷烟分类计税标准的调整,由国家税务总局确定。
二、关于酒的征收范围问题
1、外购酒精生产的白酒,应按酒精所用原料确定白酒的适用税率。凡酒精所用原料无法确定的,一律按照粮食白酒的税率征税。
2、外购两种以上酒精生产的白酒,一律从高确定税率征税。
3、以外购白酒加浆降度,或外购散酒装瓶出售,以及外购白酒以曲香、香精进行调香、调味生产的白酒,按照外购白酒所用原料确定适用税率。凡白酒所用原料无法确定的,一律按照粮食白酒的税率征税。
4、以外购的不同品种白酒勾兑的白酒,一律按照粮食白酒的税率征税。
5、对用粮食和薯类、糠麸等多种原料混合生产的白酒,一律按照粮食白酒的税率征税。
6、对用薯类和粮食以外的其他原料混合生产的白酒,一律按照薯类白酒的税率征税。
三、关于计税依据问题
1、纳税人销售的甲类卷烟和粮食白酒,其计税价格显著低于产地市场零售价格的,主管税务机关应逐级上报国家税务总局核定计税价格,并按照国家税务总局核定的计税价格征税。
甲类卷烟和粮食白酒计税价格的核定办法另行规定。
2、根据《中华人民共和国消费税条例实施细则》第十七条的规定,应税消费品全国平均成本利润率规定如下:
(1)甲类卷烟10%;
(2)乙类卷烟5%;
(3)雪茄烟5%;
(4)烟丝5%;
(5)粮食白酒10%;
(6)薯类白酒5%;
(7)其他酒5%;
(8)酒精5%;
(9)化妆品5%;
(10)护肤护发品5%;
(11)鞭炮、焰火5%;
(12)贵重首饰及珠宝玉石6%;
(13)汽车轮胎5%;
(14)摩托车6%;
(15)小轿车8%;
(16)越野车6%;
(17)小客车5%。
3、下列应税消费品可以销售额扣除外购已税消费品买价后的余额作为计税价格计征消费税:
(1)外购已税烟丝生产的卷烟;
(2)外购已税酒和酒精生产的酒(包括以外购已税白酒加浆降度,用外购已税的不同品种的白酒勾兑的白酒,用曲香、香精对外购已税白酒进行调香、调味以及外购散装白酒装瓶出售等等);
(3)外购已税化妆品生产的化妆品;
(4)外购已税护肤护发品生产的护肤护发品;
(5)外购已税珠宝玉石生产的贵重首饰及珠宝玉石;
(6)外购已税鞭炮焰火生产的鞭炮焰火。
外购已税消费品的买价是指购货发票上注明的销售额(不包括增值税税款)。
4、下列应税消费品准予从应纳消费税税额中扣除原料已纳消费税税款:
(1)以委托加工收回的已税烟丝为原料生产的卷烟;
(2)以委托加工收回的已税酒和酒精为原料生产的酒;
(3)以委托加工收回的已税化妆品为原料生产的化妆品;
(4)以委托加工收回的已税护肤护发品为原料生产的护肤护发品;
(5)以委托加工收回已税珠宝玉石为原料生产的贵重首饰及珠宝玉石。
(6)以委托加工收回已税鞭炮焰火为原料生产的鞭炮焰火。
已纳消费税税款是指委托加工的应税消费品由受托方代收代缴的消费税。
5、纳税人通过自设非独立核算门市部销售的自产应税消费品,应当按照门市部对外销售额或者销售数量征收消费税。
6、纳税人用于换取生产资料和消费资料,投资入股和抵偿债务等方面的应税消费品,应当以纳税人同类应税消费品的最高销售价格作为计税依据计算消费税。
四、关于纳税地点问题
根据《中华人民共和国消费税条例实施细则》第二十五条的规定,对纳税人的总机构与分支机构不在同一省(自治区、直辖市)的,如需改由总机构汇总在总机构所在地纳税的,需经国家税务总局批准;对纳税人的总机构与分支机构在同一省(自治区、直辖市)内,而不在同一县(市)的,如需改由总机构汇总在总机构所在地纳税的,需经国家税务总局所属分局批准。
五、关于报缴税款问题
纳税人报缴税款的办法,由所在地主管税务机关视不同情况,于下列办法中核定一种:
1、纳税人按期向税务机关填报纳税申报表,并填开纳税缴款书,向所在地代理金库的银行缴纳税款。
2、纳税人按期向税务机关填报纳税申报表,由税务机关审核后填发缴款书,按期缴纳。
3、对会计核算不健全的小型业户,税务机关可根据其产销情况,按季或按年核定其应纳税额,分月缴纳。
六、本规定自一九九四年一月一日起执行。



NOTICE ON PRINTING AND ISSUING STIPULATIONS CONCERNING SOMESPECIFIC ISSUES RELATED TO CONSUMPTION TAX

(State Administration of Taxation: 28 December 1993 Guo Shui Fa(1993) No. 156)

Whole Doc.
To tax bureaus of various provinces, autonomous regions and
municipalities, to tax bureaus of various cities with separate planning,
and to tax bureaus of Harbin, Changchun, Shenyang, Xian, Chengdu, Nanjing,
Wuhan and Guangzhou:
The Stipulations on Some Specific Issues Concerning Consumption Tax
are hereby printed and issued to you. You are expected to put them into
practice.

PROVISIONS FOR SOME SPECIFIC QUESTIONS ON CONSUMPTION TAX
(State Administration of Taxation: 28 December 1993)
I. Questions concerning the standard for classification of cigarettes
for computation of tax.
1. Due to the release from the control of cigarettes selling price,
prices of cigarettes sold by taxpayers fluctuate frequently. The tax
classification and the applicable tax rates shall be determined in
accordance with the monthly weighted average selling price for the
cigarettes of the same brand and specification. However, the cigarettes
sold shall not be calculated under the weighted average method under
anyone of the following circumstances:
(a) the selling price is obviously below average and without proper
reasons;
(b) there is no selling price.
In practice, at the beginning of the month, advance payment of tax
can be made according to the tax classification and applicable tax rate of
the previous month or the most recent month from the month of sale. After
the end of the month, taxpayers shall base on the actual selling price to
determine the tax classification and the applicable tax rate and calculate
the tax pay able for the month.
2. When the price of cigarettes has been raised due to addition of
filter tips, change of package or other reasons, the tax classification
and applicable tax rates shall be determined according to the new selling
price.
3. For cigarettes self-produced and self-used by same taxpayers, the
tax classification and the applicable rates shall be determined in
accordance with the selling price of cigarettes in the same brand and
specification. when there is no selling price for cigarettes with the same
brand and specification, they shall all be taxed according to the tax rate
of Grade A cigarettes.
4. Contract processed cigarettes shall be taxed in accordance with
the tax classification and applicable tax rates of cigarettes with the
same brand and specification of the contractor. If no cigarette is with
the same brand and specification, they shall all be taxed according to the
tax rate for Grade A cigarettes.
5. The applicable tax rate for defective or inferior cigarettes shall
be determined in accordance with the tax classification of cigarettes of
standard quality with the same brand and specification.
6. The following cigarettes, irrespective of their tax classification
shall all be taxed at the rate of Grade A cigarettes:
(a) Imported cigarettes;
(b) Unmarked cigarettes;
(c) Hand-made cigarettes;
(d) Cigarettes produced by enterprises and individuals not approved
by the State Council as under state plan.
The list for enterprises producing cigarettes under State plan is
attached.
7. Any adjustment to the standard for classification of cigarettes
for computation of tax shall be determined by the State Administration for
Taxation.
II. Questions concerning the scope of charge for alcoholic drinks.
1. The applicable tax rate for outside purchased white spirits made
with alcohol shall be determined in accordance with the raw material
contained in the alcohol. When the raw material used in the alcohol
cannot be determined, the white spirits shall be taxed at the rate for
white spirits shall be taxed at the rate for white spirits made from
cereal.
2. For outside purchased white spirits made from more than two kinds
of alcohol, the tax rate used shall be the highest tax rate of the
alcohol.
3. For white spirits produced by and adding liquid to reduce the
degree of alcohol for outside purchased white spirits, or outside bottling
purchased spirits in bulk for sale, or using leaven and essence to scent
or flavour the outside purchased white spirits, the applicable tax rate
shall be determined in accordance with the outside purchased materials
used in the white spirits. When the materials used in the white spirits
cannot be determined, all the above shall be taxed according to the tax
rate of white spirits made from cereal.
4. White spirits made by blending different types of outside
purchased white spirits shall all be taxed according to the tax rate of
white spirits made from cereal.
5. White spirits made by mixing many kinds of raw materials including
cereal, potatoes, bran, etc. shall all be taxed according to the tax rate
for white spirits made from cereal.
6. White spirits made by mixing materials other than potatoes and
cereal shall all be taxed according to the tax rate of white spirits made
from potatoes.
III. Questions concerning the basis for computation of tax
1. For taxpayers selling Grade A cigarettes and white spirits made
from cereal, if the assessable value is remarkably lower than the market
retail price at the place of production, the competent tax authorities
shall report level by level up to the State Administration for Taxation
for determination on the assessable value and calculate the tax in
accordance with the assessable value determined by the State
Administration for Taxation.
The method for determining the assessable value for Grade A
cigarettes and white spirits made from cereal shall be stipulated under
separate provisions.
2. In accordance with the provisions of Article 17 of the Rules and Regulations for the Implementation of the Provisional
Regulations of the People's Republic of China on Consumption Tax>, the
national average cost-plus margin rate of taxable consumer goods are
stipulated as follows:
(a) Grade A cigarettes 10%
(b) Grade B cigarettes 5%
(c) Cigars 5%
(d) Cut tobacco 5%
(e) White spirits made from cereal 10%
(f) White spirits made from potatoes 5%
(g) Other alcoholic drinks 5%
(h) Alcohol 5%
(i) Cosmetics 5%
(j) Skin-care and hair-care products 5%
(k) Firecrackers and fireworks 5%
(l) Precious jewelry and precious jade and stones 6%
(m) Motor Vehicle tyres 5%
(n) Motorcycles 6%
(o) Motor cars 8%
(p) Cross-country vehicles 6%
(q) Minibuses and vans 5%
3. For the following taxable consumer goods, the assessable values
for computation of consumption Tax may be the remainder amount after the
sale amount is deducted by the purchase price of outside purchased
after-tax consumer goods:
(a) Cigarettes made from outside purchased after-tax cut tobacco;
(b) Alcoholic drinks produced from outside purchased after-tax
alcoholic drinks and alcohol (including adding liquid to reduce the degree
of alcohol for outside purchased after-tax white spirits, blending
different types of outside purchased after-tax white spirits, using leaven
and essence to scent or flavour the outside purchased after-tax white
spirits and bottling outside purchased after-tax white spirits in bulk,
etc.).
(c) Cosmetics made from outside purchased after-tax cosmetics;
(d) Skin-care and hair-care products made from outside purchased
after-tax skin- care and hair care products;
(e) Precious jewelry and precious jade and stones made from outside
purchased after-tax precious jade and stones;
(f) Firecrackers and fireworks made from outside purchased after-tax
firecrackers and fireworks.
The purchase price of outside purchased after-tax consumer goods
refers to the selling price indicated on the purchase invoice (excluding
the amount of Value-added Tax).
4. Consumption Tax already paid on the materials of the following
taxable consumer goods is allowed to be deducted from the Consumption Tax
payable;:
(a) Cigarettes received back from the contractor for processing using
after-tax cut tobacco as raw materials;
(b) Alcoholic drinks received back from the contractor for processing
using after-tax alcoholic drinks and alcohol as raw materials;
(c) Cosmetics received back from the contractor for processing using
after-tax cosmetics as raw materials;
(d) Skin-care and hair-care products received back from the
contractor for processing using after-tax skin-care and hair-care products
as raw materials;
(e) Precious jewelry and precious jade and stones received back from
the contractor for processing using after-tax precious jade and stones as
raw materials;
(f) Firecrackers and fireworks received back from the contractor for
processing using after-tax firecrackers and fireworks as raw materials.
the Consumption Tax paid refers to Consumption Tax withheld and paid on
behalf of the principal by the contractor for the taxable consumer goods
contracted for processing.
5. Taxpayers selling self-produced taxable consumer goods through
self-established and non-independently accounted sales counter shall be
subject to Consumption Tax according to the sales amount or sales volume
of the counter sales to outsider.
6. Consumption Tax of taxable consumer goods which the taxpayers use
to exchange for production information, consumption information, making
investment, offsetting debts, etc. shall be computed using the highest
selling price of similar taxable consumer goods of the taxpayer as the
basis of tax assessment.
IV. Questions concerning the place for paying tax
According to the provisions of Article 25 of the Regulations For the Implementation of Provisional Regulations of the
People's Republic of China on Consumption Tax>, if the tax payment is
consolidated and to be made at the location of the head office when the
head office and the branch office are not located in the same province
(autonomous region or municipality), approval from the State
Administration for Taxation is required; if the payment is consolidated
and to be made at the location of the head office when the head office and
the branch office are located in the same province (autonomous region or
municipality) but not in the same county (or city), approval from the
relevant Tax Bureau under the State Administration for Taxation is
required.
V. Questions concerning the filling and payment of tax
The local competent tax authorities shall determined, depending on
the circumstances, one of the following methods for filling and payment of
tax for the taxpayer:
1. The taxpayer shall complete the tax return forms regularly and
file to the tax authorities, and complete a tax payment certificate and
pay the tax to the local bank which acts as the agent for the treasury.
2. The taxpayer shall complete the tax return forms regularly and
file to the tax authorities and pay the tax regularly to the tax
authorities which would issue the payment certificate upon examination and
approval of the from.
3. With regard to small business and units whose accounting system is
not sound, tax authorities shall determine the tax payable quarterly or
annually in accordance with their production and sales conditions and the
tax is to be paid monthly.
VI. These provisions shall come into effect from January 1, 1994.
LIST OF ENTERPRISES PRODUCING
-----------------------------------------------
CIGARETTES UNDER STATE PLAN
Beijing Cigarette Factory
Tianjin Cigarette Factory
Shijiazhuang Cigarette Factory
Baoding Cigarette Factory
Zhangjiakou Cigarette Factory
Taiyuan Cigarette Factory
Quwo Cigarette Factory
Huhhot Cigarette Factory
Shenyang Cigarette Factory
Yingkou Cigarette Factory
Jingzhou Cigarette Factory
Xiuyan Cigarette Factory
Changchun Cigarette Factory
Siping Cigarette Factory
Yanji Cigarette Factory
Harbin Cigarette Factory
Suihua Cigarette Factory
Fujing Cigarette Factory
Luohe Cigarette Factory
Anyang Cigarette Factory
Xinxiang Cigarette Factory
Kaifeng Cigarette Factory
Shangqiu Cigarette Factory
Luoyang Cigarette Factory
Nanyang Cigarette Factory
Zhengzhou Cigarette Factory
Huaibing Cigarette Factory
Ruzhou Cigarette Factory
Jiangshan Cigarette Factory
Cheng Cigarette Factory
Wuyue Cigarette Factory
Xiangfan Cigarette Factory
Zaoyang Cigarette Factory
Guangshui Cigarette Factory
Hongan Cigarette Factory
Dangyang Cigarette Factory
Lichuan Cigarette Factory
Chongqing Cigarette Factory
Guiyang Cigarette Factory
Zunyi Cigarette Factory
Guiding Cigarette Factory
Bijie Cigarette Factory
Qingsong Cigarette Factory
Huangping Cigarette Factory
Tongren Cigarette Factory
Guiding Branch of Guiding Cigarette Factory
Kunming Cigarette Factory
Yuxi Cigarette Factory
Qujing Cigarette Factory
Zhaotong Cigarette Factory
Chuxiong Cigarette Factory
Dali Cigarette Factory
Honghe Cigarette Factory
Huize Cigarette Factory
Suijiang Cigarette Factory
Baoji Cigarette Factory
Hailin Cigarette Factory
Linkou Cigarette Factory
Muleng Cigarette Factory
Shanghai Cigarette Factory
Nanjing Cigarette Factory
Xuzhou Cigarette Factory
HuaiYin Cigarette Factory
Hangzhou Cigarette Factory
Ningbo Cigarette Factory
Jiaxing Cigarette Factory
Hefei Cigarette Factory
Bangbu Cigarette Factory
Wuhu Cigarette Factory
Fuyang Cigarette Factory
Chuzhou Cigarette Factory
Haozhou Cigarette Factory
Dangshan Cigarette Factory
Mengcheng Cigarette Factory
Xiamen Cigarette Factory
Longyan Cigarette Factory
Laifeng Cigarette Factory
Sanxia Cigarette Factory
Jiangling Cigarette Factory
Jianshi Cigarette Factory
Xianning branch of Wuhan Cigarette Factory
Changsha Cigarette Factory
Changde Cigarette Factory
Chenzhou Cigarette Factory
Lingling Cigarette Factory
Longshan Cigarette Factory
Xinhuang Cigarette Factory
Qidong Cigarette Factory
Xinshao Cigarette Factory
Fenghuang Cigar Factory
Guangzhou No. 1 Cigarette Factory
Guangzhou No. 2 Cigarette Factory
Shaoguang Cigarette Factory
Meizhou Cigarette Factory
Zhanjiang Cigarette Factory
Shenzhen Cigarette Factory
Yan'an Cigarette Factory
Xianyang Cigarette Factory
Chengcheng Cigarette Factory
Xunyang Cigarette Factory
No. 1 Branch of Hanzhong Cigarette Factory
Lanzhou Cigarette Factory
Tianshui Cigarette Factory
Qingyang Cigarette Factory
Heshui Cigarette Factory
Wuzhong Cigarette Factory
Ledu Cigarette Factory
Xinjiang Cigarette Factory
Kunming Branch of Kunming Cigarette Factory
Sunwu Cigarette Factory
Yongding Branch of Longyan Cigarette Factory
Guangfeng Cigarette Factory
Jinggangshan Cigarette Factory
Xinguo Branch of Gannan Cigarette Factory
Zhoukou Cigarette Branch of Dancheng Cigar Factory
Yunzian Cigarette Factory
Sheshan Cigarette Factory
Quanzhou Cigarette Factory
China American Cigarette Co. Ltd.
Nanchang Cigarette Factory
Guannan Cigarette Factory
Jinan Cigarette Factory
Qingdao Cigarette Factory
Qingzhou Cigarette Factory
Dezhou Cigarette Factory
Heze Cigarette Factory
Yantai Cigarette Factory
Tunzhou Cigarette Factory
Linqing Cigarette Factory
Yishui Cigarette Factory
Yanzhou Cigarette Factory
Shandong-Rothmans Tobacco Co. Ltd.
Zhengzhou Cigarette Factory
Nanxiong Cigarette Factory
Nanhai Cigarette Factory
Nanning Cigarette Factory
Liuzhou Cigarette Factory
Yulin Cigarette Factory
Wuming Cigarette Factory
Zhongshan Cigarette Factory
Yulin Branch of Yulin Cigarette Factory
Fuchuan Branch of Zhongshan Cigarette Factory
Hainan Cigarette Factory
Chengdu Cigarette Factory
Sichuan Cigarette Factory
Shifang Cigarette Factory
Mianyang Cigarette Factory
Xichang Cigarette Factory
Fuling Cigarette Factory
Jinjiang Cigarette Factory
Wushan Cigarette Factory
Zhongshan Cigarette Factory
Xianfeng Cigarette Factory
Dawu Cigarette Factory
Xunyang Cigarette Factory
Chang Yang Branch of Dangyang Cigarette Factory
-----------------------------------------------


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教基一[2010]2号


各省、自治区、直辖市教育厅(教委),新疆生产建设兵团教育局:

  近年来,随着科学技术的发展,互联网、手机等新兴媒体的广泛应用,给中小学生学习和娱乐开辟了新途径。同时,腐朽落后的思想文化和有害信息借机传播,对广大青少年学生的健康成长产生了一定的负面影响。对此,党中央高度重视,部署了一系列“扫黄打非”和净化社会文化环境的行动,并在2009年11月底召开的全国未成年人思想道德建设经验交流会上再次强调了抵制网络不良信息的重要性和紧迫性。为有效抵制网络不良信息对中小学生的侵害,促进学生健康成长,现就有关工作通知如下:

  一、加强网络道德教育。各地教育行政部门要加强对中小学网络道德教育的指导,结合不同年龄段学生实际和课程教学内容,有针对性地开展相关教育活动。指导各地中小学校利用品德课、信息课及校会、班(团队)会等,集中开展对中小学生的网络道德教育。组织学生通过开展绿色上网承诺等活动,自觉践行《全国青少年网络文明公约》,树立网络责任意识和道德意识。引导学生正确对待网络虚拟世界,合理使用互联网和手机,提高对黄色网站、暴力和淫秽色情信息、不良网络游戏等危害性的认识,增强对不良信息的辨别能力,主动拒绝不良信息。教育学生不浏览、不制作、不传播不良信息,不进入营业性网吧,不登陆不健康网站,不玩不良网络游戏,防止网络沉迷和受到不良影响,努力在校园内和学生中形成自觉抵制网络不良信息的风气。

  二、加强网络法制教育。各地教育行政部门要指导中小学贯彻落实《中小学法制教育指导纲要》,重点培养学生依法使用网络的意识和行为,教育学生拒绝使用侮辱性、猥琐性、攻击性语言,自觉抵制网络不法行为,慎交网友,懂得在网络环境下维护自身安全和合法权益,增强网络法制教育的针对性。要通过邀请法律专家讲座咨询、运用典型案例等方式,增强网络法制教育的感染力。鼓励中小学生在使用互联网和手机过程中,遇有不良网站链接和不良信息特别是淫秽色情信息传播时,及时举报。

  三、加强绿色网络建设。各地教育行政部门要定期对校园网络进行检查,指导中小学在网络服务器和计算机上安装绿色上网过滤软件,通过技术手段及时屏蔽或删除含有低俗、淫秽、暴力、反动等内容的信息和攻击性言论,做到及时发现、及时处理,使网络处在可监控状态。加强对网站管理、维护人员的教育培训,提高他们的责任意识,切实做好校园网的信息更新和监管工作。鼓励有条件的学校建设和开放绿色上网设施,依托校园网设计一些吸引力强、参与性高的文娱和益智活动,用健康向上的校园网络活动充实学生的课余生活,大力发展校园网络文化。

  四、加强重点关注和引导。各地教育行政部门和中小学要指导班主任、心理健康教育教师通过适当方式,加强与学生的沟通交流,及时发现异常情况,对有沉溺网络、行为举止异常或学习成绩突然下降等状况的学生要及时进行疏导和教育。要十分关心进城务工人员随迁子女和留守儿童的学习生活,深入了解他们在校外的学习和生活状况,促使其监护人对他们的校外生活进行有效监管。校外活动场所要面向广大青少年学生,特别是进城务工人员随迁子女和留守儿童,组织开展丰富多彩的活动,让他们感到社会大家庭的温暖。

  五、加强学校家庭合作。各地教育行政部门和中小学要注重家庭参与,联合家长共同做好抵制互联网和手机不良信息工作。各地中小学要利用放假前、开学后等时机,通过家长学校、家长会、致家长一封信、手机短信提醒等多种形式,争取广大家长与学校一起有效监控和引导学生正确使用互联网和手机。学校和家庭要提醒学生上网时不轻信网上言论,不泄露个人信息,不回复不明提问。倡导家长对孩子上网和使用手机进行引导和合理约束,教育孩子远离成人聊天室和黄色网站;尽量避免孩子在家独自上网;多花时间与孩子交流,多带孩子参加有益活动。

中华人民共和国教育部

二○一○年一月十三日


关于学习和贯彻《中华人民共和国突发事件应对法》的意见

建设部


关于学习和贯彻《中华人民共和国突发事件应对法》的意见

建质[2008]17号


各省、自治区建设厅,直辖市建委及有关部门,山东省、江苏省建管局,新疆生产建设兵团建设局:

  《中华人民共和国突发事件应对法》(以下简称突发事件应对法)已于2007年8月30日由第十届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第二十九次会议通过,自2007年11月1日起施行。为认真学习和贯彻突发事件应对法,规范和加强建设系统突发事件应对工作,现提出以下意见:

  一、充分认识突发事件应对法的重要意义

  突发事件应对工作,是关系国家经济社会发展全局和人民群众生命财产安全的大事,是全面贯彻落实科学发展观、构建社会主义和谐社会的重要内容。突发事件应对法作为开展突发事件应对工作的重要法律依据,明确了应急管理主体、原则、体制、机制、程序、责任等内容,全面、系统地规范了突发事件预防与应急准备、监测与预警、应急处置与救援、事后恢复与重建等应对活动。学习和贯彻好突发事件应对法,对于规范突发事件应对活动,增强突发事件应对能力,预防和减少突发事件的发生,控制、减轻和消除事件造成的严重危害,保障人民群众生命财产安全与社会和谐稳定,具有重要的意义。各地要充分认识突发事件应对法公布实施的重大意义,深入学习和贯彻突发事件应对法,依法开展突发事件应对活动,全面加强建设系统应急管理工作,有效预防和妥善处置建设系统突发事件。

  二、积极开展突发事件应对法的宣传和学习

  各地建设主管部门要结合本地区应急管理工作实际,对突发事件应对法的重大意义、主要内容和贯彻实施要求等,通过有关媒体以多种方式进行宣传报道。各地要组织有关行政管理人员特别是负责应急管理工作的人员、安全监督执法人员,以及建筑施工企业,工程监理企业,城市供水、排水、供气、集中供热、公共交通等企业的主要负责人、项目负责人、应急管理人员、安全生产管理人员和基层作业人员,认真学习突发事件应对法,全面了解这部法律的基本内容,重点掌握与自身职能或业务相关的内容。各有关部门和单位的负责同志特别是主要负责同志要带头学习,并通过专题讲座、座谈会、专题培训班等多种形式组织好本系统、本部门、本单位的学习活动。通过深入的宣传和学习,使有关人员熟悉和掌握突发事件应对活动的原则、程序、措施以及相关的权利义务,进一步落实责任,提高能力,有效防范和应对建设系统突发事件。

  三、做好突发事件预防与应急准备

  各地建设主管部门和有关单位要按照突发事件应对法以及国务院、建设部的有关规定,切实做好突发事件预防和应急准备工作。

  一是要进一步健全应急管理体制机制。坚持统一领导、综合协调、分类管理、分级负责、属地为主的原则,在国务院和地方政府的统一领导下,根据职能和业务范围,按照有关突发事件分类分级标准,明确应对分工和责任。要建立健全应急管理机构,配备充足人员,制定和完善基本工作制度。

  二是加强应急预案的制定和动态管理工作。根据有关法律、法规、规章、上级人民政府及其有关部门的应急预案,结合本地区的实际情况,针对不同突发事件的性质、特点,制订和完善适用于本地区、本级别的相应预案。预案内容应当包括应急组织指挥体系、预防预警机制、处置程序、保障措施以及事后恢复重建等具体内容,并根据实际需要和情势变化,按规定适时修订应急预案,不断提高预案的针对性和可操作性。要制订演练计划和方案,有重点、有针对性地开展预案演练,提高应急实战能力。

  三是各地要结合城乡规划法的贯彻实施工作,加强城乡规划与突发事件应对工作的衔接与协调。在城乡规划的制定、实施和修改中,要符合突发事件预防、处置的需要,在制定城市规划时,一些高危险企业和单位应当安排远离城市商业区和居民住宅区,制定乡村规划时,在容易发生地质灾害的地区,不应安排村民居住点。要根据突发事件应对需要,统筹安排应对突发事件所必需的设备和基础设施建设,根据本城市易发事件的性质、特点以及本城市的地形、地质、地貌、环境等特点,前瞻性地规划建设有关设施设备。要合理确定应急避难场所,合理安排公园、城市广场、公共绿地、体育场等场所并配备必要设施,并考虑在城市商业中心、大型住宅区等区域,加强应急避难场所和设施的规划和建设。

  四是要进一步加大安全隐患及危险源的排查力度。各地建设主管部门要结合建筑施工安全生产专项整治、重点行业安全隐患排查以及城市重大基础设施安全隐患排查等工作,组织对在建和已经投入使用的大型公共建筑、城市桥梁和供水、排水、供气、城市公共交通特别是轨道交通等城市基础设施等存在的危险源进行调查、登记和风险评估,逐步建立和完善相应的应急数据库系统,并加强监控和整改。

  五是要加强应急保障体系建设。各地建设主管部门和有关单位要进一步加大突发事件应对工作的投入,根据地区特点和工作实际,开展对本地区、本系统、本单位应急资源的调查与登记,保障应急资金和人员,加强必要物资、装备和设备的储备,建立科学合理的应急调配机制,提高资源利用效率;有关企业要按照国家有关规定设立和提取安全生产专项费用,加大安全投入力度。要依托消防、武警、部队等应急骨干力量,并根据实际情况建立专兼职的应急队伍,特别是对城市轨道交通等规模庞大、专业要求较高、环境条件复杂的工程,可以城市为单位建立专业抢险救援队伍。要加强应急专家队伍建设,建立与应急预案体系相对应的应急专家库,择优聘请兼具理论水平和实践经验的专家,在决策指挥中充分发挥专家咨询作用。

  六是要建立建设系统防灾减灾技术支撑体系,大力发展建设系统防灾减灾新技术,促进科学技术成果转化。组织多学科就适合我国特点的综合防灾减灾技术开展科技攻关。支持实用抗震、抗风、防火技术的开发研究,鼓励防灾减灾等公益性技术和产品的研究和开发。妥善推广应用建设系统防灾减灾新技术、新工艺和新产品,强化科研成果管理,疏通成果传播和转让渠道,促进成果的转化和应用,加快对传统技术的更新改造,逐步限制和淘汰落后技术、工艺和产品。

  七是要加强应急管理知识宣传普及工作。深入宣传建设系统有关应急预案,全面普及预防、避险、自救、互救、减灾等知识和技能,推动应急知识进企业、进社区、进村镇,增强企业有关管理和作业人员安全生产和应急管理意识及能力,提高社会公众维护公共安全意识和应对突发事件能力。

  四、加强突发事件监测预警与信息报告

  各地建设主管部门要加强对建设系统突发事件的监测、分析和评估,发现重大情况或苗头趋势要及时向本级人民政府和上级建设主管部门报告,对即将或很可能发生建设系统突发事件,需要发布预警警报的,应当及时向人民政府报告并提出预警建议;进一步加强与气象、国土、地震等部门的沟通与协调,及时了解和掌握有关自然灾害预测预报信息,组织有关单位做好防范工作。当地人民政府发布警报后,各地建设主管部门要在政府统一领导下,做好应急处置的准备工作。

  发生突发事件后,各地建设主管部门和有关单位要根据《生产安全事故报告和调查处理条例》等法规和建设部相关规定,按照规定的分级标准和时限,向本级人民政府和上级建设主管部门报告,不得迟报、漏报、瞒报和谎报。报告主要内容包括事件发生的事件地点、伤亡人数、直接经济损失初步统计、发生事故的工程名称、企业名称和资质情况以及事故简要经过。进一步落实突发事件月报制度,认真分析当月突发事件特点,科学预测突发事件趋势,并提出对策建议,当月没有发生突发事件的,要执行“零报告”制度。

  五、妥善开展突发事件处置救援和恢复重建工作

  突发事件发生后,事发单位及直接受其影响的单位要立即组织本单位应急救援队伍和工作人员营救受害人员,疏散、撤离、安置受到威胁的人员,控制危险源,标明危险区域,封锁危险场所,并采取其他防止危害扩大的必要措施,并按规定及时报告。各地建设主管部门要在人民政府领导下,针对突发事件性质、特点和危害程度,及时组织建设系统应急救援队伍和社会力量,依照突发事件法和有关法律、法规、规章的规定采取应急处置措施,有关单位和企业要做好支持与配合工作。在突发事件处理过程中,各地建设主管部门要及时向人民政府和上级部门报告最新事态发展和处置情况。

  应急处置结束后,各地建设主管部门要在人民政府领导下,及时开展恢复重建工作。要立即组织力量修复被损坏的供水排水、供气、供热、城市公共交通等公共基础设施,组织专业技术人员对受灾建筑物和市政工程进行受损情况调查评估,指导毁损房屋的重建工作,尽快恢复正常的生产、生活和社会秩序。对发生的安全事故,有关部门要依照有关法律法规及时开展事故调查处理,查明原因,处罚处理责任人员,总结事故教训,落实整改措施。



中华人民共和国建设部
二〇〇八年一月二十七日

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